Survey and identification of entomopathogenic nematodes in the province of Cotabato, Philippines, for biocontrol potential against the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Abstract Background The tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura [Fab.] (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a devastating insect pest of several crops. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) the families Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae are used as an alternative control measure in lieu hazardous synthetic chemical applications. Results A survey naturally occurring EPNs was conducted across province Cotabato, Philippines, covering total 5 municipalities with 25 villages. Galleria -baiting technique employed to recover from peanut grassland soils. Out 50 soil samples collected, only harbored nematodes, indicating recovery 10%. Preliminary morphological data identified one EPN under genera Heterorhabditis (1 isolate), whereas 4 were facultative necromenic Metarhabditis (2 isolates) Oscheius isolates). Analysis D2D3 segments 28S rDNA confirmed high sequence similarity indica , rainai insectivora sp. This first record H. M. entire region, for spp. Philippines. Furthermore, biocontrol potential local infective juvenile (IJ) populations (PIGCD1) isolated assessed against S. laboratory conditions. mean percentage mortality caused by on at 7 different concentrations ranged 0-100% 24 h post inoculation. lethal concentration (LC ) required kill 50% larvae population 7.13±1 (IJs/larva). Conclusions use method convenient approach detect including other Obtained indicated that isolate can be promising suppress economically important pest, this may provide significant outlook establish program country.